Latencies

Type Latency (order of mag - approx)
Cpu cycle (Intel Xeon Gold @3.2 GHz) 0.31 ns
L1 cache reference/hit 1 ns
Branch Mispredict 3 ns
L2 cache reference/hit 4 ns
Mutex lock/unlock 17 ns
Main Memory Reference 100 ns
Read 1MB sequentially from memory 3 μs
Read 1MB sequentially from NVMe SSD 200 μs
Read 1MB sequentially from SSD 2 ms
Read 1MB sequentially from disk 5 ms
NVMe SSD random read (4KB) 200 μs
SSD random read (4KB) 500 μs
NVMe SSD random read (4KB) 500 μs
Random disk access (seek + rotation) 10 ms
Send 4KB over 10Gbps ethernet 10 μs
Write 4KB randomly to NVMe SSD 30 μs
Write 4KB randomly to SSD 500 μs
Round trip within same Datacenter 500 μs
Packet round trip CA to Netherlands 150 ms

Source: Eliot Eshelman’s gist.

Updated:

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